Likelihood of screaming for playdoh increases. (yay!)Ĭhild screams and cries and points to Play-Doh, and parent gives the Play-Doh to the child. Likelihood of requesting playdoh increases. Negative (-removing stimulus) – removal of a stimulus that decreases the likelihood that it will reoccurĬhild requests to play playdoh politely, and parent gives the playdoh to the child. Positive (+adding stimulus) – presentation of a stimulus that decreases the likelihood that it will reoccur Negative (-removing stimulus) – removal of a stimulus that increases the likelihood that it will reoccur Positive (+adding stimulus) – presentation of a stimulus that increases the likelihood that it will reoccur Under the table are some examples of each type of consequence including, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, and negative punishment. The table below is a summary of the definition of reinforcement and punishment. It is easy to make mistakes when it comes to using consequences, including reinforcing undesirable behaviors, and using ineffective punishment. Prompting or teaching the child to ask before getting the cookie can be reinforced by either giving them a cookie, or letting them know when they are able to have a cookie (“Thanks for asking, you can have a cookie after dinner.”) But it doesn’t teach them how to ask for a cookie, and it doesn’t decrease their behavior – who’s to say they won’t go back for a cookie when you’re not looking? Behavior analysts are proponents of reinforcement as a consequence. For example, saying, “No!” to your child while they are reaching into the cookie jar may cause them to stop. And although punishment typically can make a behavior stop quickly, it is not always effective in decreasing the future likelihood that the behavior will reoccur. When it comes to consequences, most people think of punishment first.
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